ABSTRACT
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Since the concept of osseointegrated dental implant by Branemark et al was first applied to mandibular full edentulous patients. Recently it is considerated the first treatment option on missing teeth. A common problem associated with dental implant restorations is loosening of screws that retain the prosthesis to the abutment and the abutment to the implant fixture. PURPOSE: This study is to examine the influence on screw loosening of implant-abutment designs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: External hex, cone screw, beveled hex, cam cylinder, cylinder hex by means of evaluating the loosening torques, with respect to a range of tightening torques after repeated loading. RESULT: 1. Cone screw, beveled hex groups are the highest initial tightening rate and cylinder hex, external hex groups are the lowest initial tightening rate(p<0.05). 2. Cone screw groups are the highest after repeated loading tightening rate and cylinder hex groups are lowest after repeated loading tightening rate(p<0.05). 3. Cone screw groups have the highest initial stability and final stability. 4. All groups are decreased tightening rate after repeated loading.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Implants , Dentistry , Prostheses and Implants , Tooth , TorqueABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was classified into 8 genotypes by a sequence divergence in the entire genome designated from A to H. HBV genotypes have distinct geographic distributions. Recently, HBV genotypes have been partially found as influencing the clinical manifestation of chronic liver disease in hosts. In Korea, the distribution of HBV genotypes remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the HBV genotype on Jeju Island. METHODS: Hepatitis B virus genotypes were evaluated among 107 hepatitis B carriers residing on Jeju Island. We used single PCR and multiplex-PCR assay with genotype-specific primer pairs for HBV genotypes A-F for the genotyping. RESULTS: 1. Fifty nine samples (55%) were positive for HBV DNA. The positivity was different according to the pattern of HBeAg/ anti-HBe expression, as -/-; 2/3 (66.7%), -/+; 30/73 (30%), +/-; 24/28 (85.7%) and +/+; 3/3 (100%). 2. In the single primer set of genotype-specific PCR, 59 samples (100%) were detected as genotype C and 2 (3%) were also detected as genotype A and B. 3. In multiplex-PCR, 58 samples (98%) were detected as genotype C and only one (2%) as a mixed pattern of genotype B and C. 4. When the PCR products were amplified with universal sense and genotype specific anti-sense from one genotype A, one B, and 2 C, all were included in genotype C. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that on Jeju Island, almost all HBV genotypes are C.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , English Abstract , Hepatitis B virus/classification , KoreaABSTRACT
Gastric diverticula have been considered to be rave when compored with diverticula in other sites of the gastrointestinal tract. It's prevalence is 0.043% of routine gastrointestinal radiologic examination by Palmer's extensive review. Gastric diverticula almost always occur as a single lesion and approximately 75% of gastric diverticula occur in the juxtacardiac region, high on the posterior wall of the stomach, about 2 cm below the esophagogastric junction and 3 cm from the lesser curvature. We report a case of 75-year-old male patient with multiple gastric diverlicula which was first encountered by endoscopy and confirmed by upper gastrointestinal radiologic examination.